Hammer Drill vs Impact Driver
Choosing between a hammer drill and an impact driver can be confusing because both tools are designed for tough jobs, but they excel in different areas. This guide breaks down the key differences in torque, speed, and application to help you pick the right tool for your next project.
Quick answer
For drilling into masonry or concrete, choose a hammer drill. For driving long screws into dense wood or tightening bolts, choose an impact driver. If you need one tool for general drilling and light masonry, a hammer drill is the better all-rounder.
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Research updated June 2026.
What is a Hammer Drill?
A hammer drill combines standard rotary drilling with a rapid hammering action (pulsating or percussive motion) that pushes the bit forward as it spins. This action is ideal for drilling into hard materials like brick, concrete, and stone. Most hammer drills have a switch to turn off the hammer function, allowing them to function as a standard drill for wood, metal, and plastic.
What is an Impact Driver?
An impact driver delivers high torque in short, powerful bursts (impacts) combined with rotational force. It is designed primarily for driving screws and bolts, especially large diameter or long fasteners into dense wood. The impact mechanism prevents the driver from twisting out of your hand (cam-out) and reduces user fatigue. Impact drivers are not designed for drilling holes.
Key Differences at a Glance
The primary difference lies in their mechanism and intended use. A hammer drill uses a forward-pounding motion to break up masonry, while an impact driver uses a rotational hammering action to drive fasteners. This makes the impact driver far more efficient for screw driving, and the hammer drill essential for masonry drilling.
| Feature | Hammer Drill | Impact Driver |
|---|---|---|
| Primary Use | Drilling holes (wood, metal, masonry) | Driving screws and bolts |
| Mechanism | Forward hammering + rotation | Rotational impacts + rotation |
| Torque (in-lbs) | 500 - 800 | 1,500 - 2,000+ |
| Chuck Type | Keyless (3-jaw) | 1/4-inch hex collet |
| Best for | Concrete, brick, general drilling | Decking, framing, lag bolts |
| Speed Control | Variable speed trigger + gearbox | Variable speed trigger |
| Winner | Drilling into masonry | Driving large fasteners |
When to Use a Hammer Drill
Use a hammer drill when you need to drill holes in concrete, brick, or stone. It is also your go-to for general purpose drilling in wood and metal when the hammer function is switched off. If you are installing anchors for shelving, running conduit, or mounting a TV bracket to a brick wall, a hammer drill is the correct tool.
When to Use an Impact Driver
Use an impact driver when you are driving screws or bolts. It excels at sinking long deck screws, lag bolts, and self-tapping screws into dense lumber. The high torque and impact action make it much faster and less fatiguing than a standard drill for this task. It is also excellent for automotive work and assembling furniture.
What to Check Before Buying
Before purchasing, consider the materials you work with most. If you primarily drill into wood and metal, a standard drill or a brushless drill may be better. If you work with concrete, a hammer drill is necessary. For heavy screw driving, an impact driver is a must. Also check the battery platform if you are already invested in a cordless system. Brushless motors offer better efficiency and longer runtime.
Mistakes to Avoid
Do not use an impact driver to drill holes in concrete or brick; it will not work effectively and can damage the bit. Do not use a hammer drill for precision screw driving; the hammer action can strip screw heads. Never use an impact driver with standard drill bits; they are not designed for the high torque and can break. Always use impact-rated bits with an impact driver.
Can One Tool Replace the Other?
No, one tool cannot fully replace the other. While a hammer drill can drive screws in a pinch, it lacks the torque and impact mechanism of a dedicated driver, making it slow and fatiguing for large fasteners. An impact driver cannot drill holes in masonry or precise holes in wood. For most homeowners, a hammer drill is more versatile. For serious DIYers and professionals, both tools are essential.
Battery and Ecosystem Considerations
If you choose a cordless model, consider the brand's battery ecosystem. Brands like DeWalt (20V/60V FlexVolt), Milwaukee (M18), Makita (18V LXT), and Ryobi (18V One+) offer extensive tool lines that share batteries. Investing in one platform allows you to add tools without buying new batteries. Brushless motors are standard on higher-end models and provide better power and runtime.
Top Product Recommendations
Based on owner reviews, brand reliability, and published specs, here are the best hammer drills and impact drivers available.
DeWalt DCD999B Hammer Drill
Powerful brushless motor with 3-speed gearbox and high hammer rate for concrete.
Milwaukee 2904-20 M18 Fuel Hammer Drill
Best for ProfessionalsPros
- Compact and lightweight
- Excellent hammer mechanism
- Durable metal chuck
Cons
- Battery not included
- Higher price point
The Milwaukee 2904-20 is a top choice for professionals who need a compact yet powerful hammer drill. Owner reviews consistently praise its balance and power, especially for drilling into concrete and brick. The M18 Fuel platform offers a wide range of compatible tools.
It features a 1/2-inch metal ratcheting chuck for superior bit retention. While it is expensive, the build quality and performance justify the cost for daily use. It is also one of the lighter hammer drills in its class.
Makita XPH14Z 18V LXT Hammer Drill
Best Value Hammer DrillPros
- Excellent build quality
- Brushless motor for efficiency
- Comfortable grip
Cons
- No case included
- Chuck can slip with smooth bits
The Makita XPH14Z is a reliable workhorse that offers great value. It features a brushless motor that provides longer runtime and more power than brushed models. Owner reviews highlight its durability and smooth operation.
It is a bit heavier than some competitors, but the ergonomic grip helps reduce fatigue. It is a solid choice for serious DIYers and tradespeople who want a dependable tool without the premium price of the Milwaukee.
DeWalt DCF887B 20V MAX XR Impact Driver
Best Overall Impact DriverPros
- Extremely powerful
- 3-speed settings
- LED light with delay
Cons
- Can be loud
- Battery not included
The DeWalt DCF887B is consistently rated as one of the best impact drivers on the market. It delivers massive torque and features a three-speed gearbox that gives you precise control for different fasteners. Owner reviews praise its ability to sink long lag bolts effortlessly.
It is lightweight and well-balanced, making it comfortable for extended use. The brushless motor provides excellent runtime. It is a top pick for both professionals and serious DIYers who need a reliable, powerful driver.
Milwaukee 2853-20 M18 Fuel Impact Driver
Best Compact Impact DriverPros
- Very compact and light
- Powerful for its size
- Excellent build quality
Cons
- No belt clip included
- Can be expensive
The Milwaukee 2853-20 is one of the most compact impact drivers available, making it ideal for tight spaces. Despite its small size, it delivers impressive torque that rivals larger models. Owner reviews love its power-to-size ratio.
It is part of the M18 Fuel system, so it shares batteries with a huge range of tools. It is a premium tool with a premium price, but its performance and durability make it a favorite among professionals.
Ryobi P238 One+ 18V Impact Driver
Best Budget Impact DriverPros
- Very affordable
- Compatible with Ryobi One+ batteries
- Good power for the price
Cons
- Brushed motor (less efficient)
- Not as durable as pro models
The Ryobi P238 is the best budget-friendly impact driver for DIYers. It offers respectable torque and speed for most home projects, from building a deck to assembling furniture. Owner reviews highlight its excellent value and the extensive One+ battery system.
It uses a brushed motor, which is less efficient and has a shorter lifespan than brushless models, but for the price, it is hard to beat. It is a great entry-level tool for homeowners who do not want to invest heavily in a professional platform.
FAQs
Can I use a hammer drill as an impact driver?
No, a hammer drill cannot replicate the high torque and impact action of an impact driver for driving screws.
Can I use an impact driver to drill concrete?
No, an impact driver is not designed for drilling concrete and will not be effective.
Which tool is better for driving deck screws?
An impact driver is much better for driving deck screws due to its high torque and reduced cam-out.
Do I need both a hammer drill and an impact driver?
For serious DIYers and professionals, yes. For occasional use, a hammer drill is more versatile.
What is the main difference between a drill and a hammer drill?
A hammer drill has a hammering action for drilling into masonry, while a standard drill does not.
What does the impact action in an impact driver do?
The impact action delivers high torque in bursts, preventing the tool from twisting and making screw driving easier.
Are impact drivers louder than hammer drills?
Yes, impact drivers are generally louder due to the impact mechanism.
Can I use regular drill bits in an impact driver?
No, you should only use impact-rated bits in an impact driver to prevent breakage.
Which brand makes the best hammer drill?
DeWalt and Milwaukee are top-rated for professional hammer drills, while Makita offers excellent value.
Is a brushless motor worth the extra cost?
Yes, brushless motors are more efficient, powerful, and have a longer lifespan than brushed motors.
Our verdict
For most users, a hammer drill is the more versatile first tool, especially if you need to drill into concrete. The DeWalt DCD999B is our top pick for a hammer drill. For heavy screw driving, the DeWalt DCF887B impact driver is the best overall. If you are on a budget, the Ryobi P238 impact driver offers great value for DIY projects.